Macrophyte‐driven transient storage and phosphorus uptake in a western Wisconsin stream          下载免费PDF全文

Katherine J. Bohrman  Eric A. Strauss 《水文研究》2018,32(2):253-263

Investigations of phosphorus cycling and transport in streams lend insight into potential mechanisms of nutrient sequestration and can help mitigate human impacts. In this study, we examined the relationship between transient storage and phosphorus uptake in a cold‐water stream in western Wisconsin. Hydrological characteristics, nutrient spiralling metrics, macrophyte biomass, and geomorphological properties were quantified in 7 reaches of Spring Coulee Creek using injections of a conservative tracer alone or with added PO₄^3?. Fraction of median travel time due to transient storage (F_med²⁰⁰) was correlated with macrophyte biomass (r = .794, p = .033), and PO₄^3? uptake velocity was correlated with F_med²⁰⁰ (r = .756, p = .049). Stepwise linear regression was used to build models for transient storage and uptake velocity. Macrophyte biomass, stream bed slope, and riffle to pool ratio accounted for 99.6% of the variation in transient storage (p < .001). Transient storage, canopy cover, and slope accounted for 98.0% of the variation in uptake velocity (p = .002). This study shows that transient storage, primarily resulting from macrophyte beds, can be a significant factor regulating phosphorus uptake in stream ecosystems.  相似文献   

洪泽湖3种沉水植物附着细菌群落结构及多样性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马杰  范婤  王国祥  韩睿明  董彬  冀峰  彭云 《湖泊科学》2016,28(4):852-858

沉水植物茎叶表面附着的藻、菌及其他物质,不仅影响沉水植物自身生长,而且影响水体物质循环过程,附着藻类的研究已经有不少报道,但附着细菌的报道相对较少.采用末端限制性片段长度多态性(T-RFLP)技术,研究洪泽湖典型沉水植物——菹草(Potamogeton crispus)、篦齿眼子菜(Potamogeton pectinatus)、金鱼藻(Ceratophyllum demersum)在生长旺盛期叶表面附着细菌的群落结构及多样性特征,并采用冗余分析法探讨环境因子对附着细菌丰度的影响.结果表明,(1)3种沉水植物附着细菌群落结构有明显的差异性.143 bp T-RF在菹草和篦齿眼子菜中的相对丰度平均达到了20%和11%,而在金鱼藻中的相对丰度小于1%;89 bp T-RF在金鱼藻中的相对丰度平均约为13%,而在菹草和篦齿眼子菜中相对丰度小于5%.94 bp T-RF在菹草样品中相对丰度超过15%,而在其他样品中未被检测出.(2)从多样性角度分析,3种沉水植物附着细菌多样性大小依次为篦齿眼子菜菹草金鱼藻.(3)部分限制性片段的丰度受环境因子的影响较大,如89、94、143和227 bp T-RFs.而如167 bp T-RFs在3种沉水植物中的相对丰度分布较为稳定,受上述环境因子的限制较小.根据细菌比对结果,洪泽湖附着细菌的优势菌群可能属于拟杆菌门(Bacteroides)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)3个门类.  相似文献   

缓冲带径流污染物净化效果研究及其与草皮生物量的相关性   总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7  

吴建强  黄沈发  吴健  熊丽君 《湖泊科学》2008,20(6):761-765

2006—2007年对东太湖网围养殖区及航道水生植物种群结构和水环境状况进行了调查．结果表明：采样区内共有水生植物10种,其中沉水植物6种、浮叶植物3种、漂浮植物1种;养殖区植物种类较单一,耐污染、再生能力强以及水质净化能力好的金鱼藻、狐尾藻和伊乐藻在养殖区呈优势种分布;航道和敞水区优势种类为苦草和马来眼子菜．从水生植物生物量变化来看,9月生物量最高,平均为2882．4&#177;748．8g／m^2;养殖区水生植物生物量高于航道和敞水区,两个网区平均可达1251．2&#177;1012．7g／m^2、993．9&#177;968．6g／m^2．水生植物与水环境相互关系来看,温度、透明度和pH等水体物理环境因子对水生植物季节生长和光合作用具有重要影响;水生植物具有吸收水体氮磷营养盐和抑制藻类生长的作用,从而改善了东太湖水质,同时植物季节性生长以及空间分布差异也影响水质时空差异．  相似文献   

Is coastal lagoon eutrophication likely to be aggravated by global climate change?     

Javier Lloret  Arnaldo MarínLázaro Marín-Guirao 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008

Coastal zones are widely recognised as being particularly vulnerable to future environmental change. Although a significant number of previous papers warn of an increasing tendency in the appearance of eutrophication processes in such systems, very few papers have evaluated the influence of global climate change on eutrophication.  相似文献   

白洋淀不同淀区底泥中水生植物残体垂直分布特征及其来源     

韩祯  崔保山  蓝艳  张永涛  李夏  张宇 《湿地科学》2013,11(3)

水生植物大量生长带来的生物累积效应是加速浅水湖泊沼泽化进程的重要原因.通过在白洋淀不同淀区采集柱状泥样和表层泥样,对样品中水生植物残体的垂直分布特征进行了分析,并鉴别了其来源;同时,借助分解实验,对5种优势植物根、茎和叶等器官的生物累积能力进行分析.研究结果表明,除烧车淀和枣林庄采样点外,白洋淀其他采样点底泥中水生植物残体生物量的垂向分布基本都是随着采样深度的增加,残体生物量在波动减少,沉积年代较晚的表层(0～5 cm)底泥中残体生物量明显高于沉积年代较早的深层(35～40 cm)底泥中的残体生物量;同种植物的不同器官对生物累积的贡献率具有明显差异.  相似文献   

Seasonal macrophyte growth constrains extent,but improves quality,of cold-water habitat in a spring-fed river     

Andrew L. Nichols  Robert A. Lusardi  Ann D. Willis 《水文研究》2020,34(7):1587-1597

Rooted aquatic macrophytes affect abiotic conditions in low-gradient rivers by altering channel hydraulics, consuming biologically available nutrients, controlling sediment transport and deposition, and shading the water surface. Due to seasonal macrophyte growth and senescence, the magnitude of these effects may vary temporally. Seasonal changes in aquatic macrophyte biomass, channel roughness and flow velocity, were quantified and trends were related to spatiotemporal patterns in water temperature in a low-gradient, spring-fed river downstream from high-volume, constant-temperature groundwater springs. Between spring and summer, a nearly threefold increase in macrophyte biomass was positively correlated with channel roughness and inversely related to flow velocity. On average, flow velocity declined by 34% during the study period, and channel roughness increased 63% (from 0.064 to 0.104). During the spring and fall period, the location of a minimum water temperature variability “node” migrated upstream more than 4 km, whereas daily maximum water temperature cooled by 2–3°C. Water temperature modelling shows that the longitudinal extent of cold-water habitat was shortened due to increased channel roughness independent of seasonal surface water diversions. These results suggest that macrophyte growth mediates spatiotemporal patterns of water temperature, constraining available cold-water habitat while simultaneously improving its quality. Understanding complex spatial and temporal dynamics between macrophyte growth and water temperature is critical to developing regulatory standards reflective of naturally occurring variability and has important implications for the management and conservation of cold-water biota.  相似文献   

鄱阳湖南矶山湿地沉水植物活体的光合荧光特性     

简敏菲  汪斯琛  余厚平  李玲玉  简美锋  余冠军 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2015,6(1):52-59

采用FluorCam便携式叶绿素荧光成像仪测定鄱阳湖南矶山国家级自然保护区白沙湖和常湖冬季沉水植物的光合荧光特性,包括QY-max（即Fv/Fm,PSⅡ的最大光量子产量）、ΦPSⅡ（PSⅡ实际量子效率）、qP（光化学淬灭系数）等参数及其相应的荧光成像;应用频度法统计估测沉水植物的频度,并测定水环境的营养水平。结果表明：白沙湖优势沉水植物黑藻（Hydrilla verticillata）和苦草（Vallisneria natans）的PSⅡ的最大量子产量分别为0.48-0.68和0.52-0.71,PSⅡ实际量子效率分别为0.32-0.58和0.20-0.46,表明白沙湖的黑藻和苦草具有相似的光合作用效率;而常湖优势沉水植物莕菜（Nymphoides peltatum）和苦草的PSⅡ最大光量子产量分别为0.66-0.77和0.19-0.68,PSⅡ实际量子效率分别为0.26-0.48和0.22-0.43,表明莕菜有较高的光合作用效率,容易形成优势物种。调查中发现,白沙湖黑藻的频度为90%,苦草为93.3%,小茨藻（Najas minor）为26.7%,眼子菜（Potamogeton franchetii）为10%;常湖中莕菜的频度为86.7%,苦草为16.7%,小茨藻为56.7%。白沙湖中沉水植物的频度值总体高于常湖,优势物种也存在差异性。综合分析白沙湖和常湖水体的营养水平、沉水植物多样性和光合荧光特性,结果表明：白沙湖的富营养化水平高于常湖,黑藻和苦草同为沉水植物中的优势种,光合活性相似;常湖中莕菜和苦草为优势种,但莕菜的光合活性显著高于苦草,这与湖泊水体透明度和南矶山湿地不同水体的富营养化差异及不同沉水植物的生态位有着密不可分的关系。  相似文献   

New methods for assessing freshwaters in Germany     

Daniel Hering  Jürgen Bhmer  Peter Haase  Jochen Schaumburg 《Limnologica》2004,34(4):281-282

  相似文献   

Holocene variations in the Asian monsoon inferred from the geochemistry of lake sediments in central Tibet   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Carrie Morrill  Jonathan T. Overpeck  Julia E. Cole  Caiming Shen 《Quaternary Research》2006,65(2):232-243

We present a record of monsoon variations for the early and middle Holocene that is inferred from the geochemistry of sediment cores from Ahung Co, a lake in central Tibet. The resolution of this record is better than 50 yr and the age model is derived from radiocarbon ages of terrestrial charcoal, which eliminates errors associated with the lake hard-water effect. We made down-core geochemical measurements of % carbonate, % organic carbon, C/N and δ¹³C of bulk organic matter, δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O of carbonate, and % dolomite. Proxy calibration and modern water-balance reconstruction show that these are proxies for lake depth and the amount of monsoon precipitation. We find that lake level and monsoon precipitation have been decreasing at Ahung Co since the early Holocene (∼7500 cal yr B.P.). Superimposed on this trend are rapid declines in monsoon rainfall at 7000-7500 and 4700 cal yr B.P. and seven century-scale wet-dry oscillations. The cores do not contain sediment from the last ∼4000 yr. Surface sediments from the lake accumulated during the 20th century, however. From this, we argue that lake levels have risen again recently following a late Holocene dry period.  相似文献   

Evaluation of spatial correlation between nutrient exchange rates and benthic biota in a reef-flat ecosystem by GIS-assisted flow-tracking     

Toshihiro Miyajima  Yoshiyuki Tanaka  Isao Koike  Hiroya Yamano  Hajime Kayanne 《Journal of Oceanography》2007,63(4):643-659

A Geographic Information System (GIS)-aided flow-tracking technique was adopted to investigate nutrient exchange rates between specific benthic communities and overlying seawater in a fringing reef of Ishigaki Island, subtropical Northwestern Pacific. Net exchange rates of NO₃ ⁻, NO₂ ⁻, NH₄ ⁺, PO₄ ³⁻, Total-N and Total-P were estimated from concentration changes along the drogue trajectories, each of which was tracked by the Global Positioning System and plotted on a benthic map to determine the types of benthic habitat over which the drogue had passed. The observed nutrient exchange rates were compared between 5 typical benthic zones (branched-coral (B) and Heliopora communities (H), seaweed-reefrock zone (W), bare sand area (S), and seagrass meadow (G)). The dependence of nutrient exchange rates on nutrient concentrations, physical conditions and benthic characteristics was analyzed by multiple regression analysis with the aid of GIS. The spatial correlation between nutrient exchange rates and benthic characteristics was confirmed, especially for NO₃ ⁻ and PO₄ ³⁻, which were usually absorbed in hydrographically upstream zones B and W and regenerated in downstream zones H and G. NO₃ ⁻ uptake in zones B and W was concentration-dependent, and the uptake rate coefficient was estimated to be 0.58 and 0.67 m h⁻¹, respectively. Both nutrient uptake in zone W and regeneration in zone H were enhanced in summer. The net regeneration ratio of NO₃ ⁻/PO₄ ³⁻ in zone H in summer ranged 5.2 to 34 (mean, 17.4), which was somewhat higher than previously measured NO₃ ⁻/PO₄ ³⁻ for sediment pore waters around this zone (1.1–8.5). Nutrient exchanges in zone S were relatively small, indicating semi-closed nutrient cycling at the sediment-water interface of this zone. NH₄ ⁺ efflux from sediments was suggested in zone G. The data suggest that the spatial pattern of nutrient dynamics over the reef flat community was constrained by zonation of benthic biota, and that abiotic factors such as nutrient concentrations and flow rates, influenced nutrient exchange rates only in absorption-dominated communities such as zones B and W.  相似文献